{"product_id":"jenkins-dennis-r-american-x-vehicles-an-inventory-x-1-to-x-50-digital-edition","title":"Jenkins Dennis R. - American X-Vehicles An Inventory-X-1 to X-50 (digital edition)","description":"\u003cp style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: FR;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"\u003eAmerican X-Vehicles: An Inventory—X-1 to X-50\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: FR;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"\u003eDennis R. Jenkins, Tony Landis et Jay Miller\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: FR;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; line-height: normal;\" class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: FR;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"\u003e(NASA Monograph in Aerospace History No. 31, 2003) :\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003cbr\u003ePDF download\u003cbr\u003eThis book provides a comprehensive and systematic catalogue of American experimental aircraft (designated by the ‘X’ nomenclature) from the X-1 to X-50 series, as well as related projects such as wing-body aircraft (e.g. HL-10, M2-F1) and variants of the Douglas D-558. The book forms part of the Centennial of Flight (2003) and aims to document the technological evolution, challenges and major contributions of these programmes to aeronautics and aerospace.\u003cbr\u003eAuthors:\u003cbr\u003e-Dennis R. Jenkins: Aerospace historian, specialist in the X programmes (notably the X-15).\u003cbr\u003e-Tony Landis: Archivist and photographer for NASA, contributor to historical documentation.\u003cbr\u003e-Jay Miller: Expert on experimental aircraft, author of ‘The X-Planes: X-1 to X-45’.\u003cbr\u003eThe book is organised as a detailed catalogue, featuring:\u003cbr\u003e- An introduction explaining the historical context:\u003cbr\u003eThe ‘X’ programmes began after the Second World War to explore unprecedented flight conditions (speed, altitude, aerodynamic configurations).\u003cbr\u003eContrary to popular belief, not all X-vehicles were designed for high speed (e.g. the Bensen X-25 did not exceed 137 km\/h).\u003cbr\u003eSome projects were prototypes (e.g. the X-11\/X-12 for the Atlas missile), a practice that was criticised but is part of aviation history.\u003cbr\u003e- Technical specifications for each aircraft (X-1 to X-50): Each entry includes:\u003cbr\u003eManufacturer (e.g. Bell, Lockheed, Northrop).\u003cbr\u003eKey dates: First flight, last flight, number of flights.\u003cbr\u003ePerformance: Maximum speed (in Mach or mph), altitude, records.\u003cbr\u003eSponsors (USAF, NACA\/NASA, US Navy, etc.).\u003cbr\u003eTechnological innovations and contributions to aeronautics.\u003cbr\u003eFate (e.g. on display in museums, destroyed, cancelled).\u003cbr\u003ePhotos and diagrams (from NASA archives, the authors’ collections, or the manufacturers).\u003cbr\u003eNotable examples:\u003cbr\u003eAircraft Innovation \/ Record Impact \u003cbr\u003eBell X-1 First supersonic flight (Mach 1.06, 1947, Chuck Yeager) Paved the way for supersonic fighter aircraft.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eNorth American X-15 Hypersonic (Mach 6.72, 108 km altitude) Paved the way for space programmes (e.g. the Space Shuttle). \u003cbr\u003eBell X-5 Variable-geometry wings (inspired by the Messerschmitt P.1101) Forerunner to aircraft such as the F-111 and the B-1 Lancer.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eLockheed X-7 Statorjet (Mach 4.31) Research into high-speed propulsion. \u003cbr\u003eMartin Marietta X-24B Lifting body (controlled landing without wings) Influenced the design of the space shuttle. \u003cbr\u003eBoeing X-37 Reusable space drone Forerunner of autonomous systems in orbit.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eSupplementary chapters:\u003cbr\u003eLifting Bodies: Projects such as the HL-10 or M2-F1, tested for atmospheric re-entry.\u003cbr\u003eDouglas D-558: Transonic and supersonic research aircraft (e.g. D-558-II Skyrocket).\u003cbr\u003eAppendices: Bibliography, index, and further reading.\u003cbr\u003e🔍 Key points and analysis\u003cbr\u003eDiversity of missions:\u003cbr\u003eSpeed (from subsonic to Mach 6+ with the X-15).\u003cbr\u003eAltitude (up to 108 km for the X-15, the edge of space).\u003cbr\u003eAerodynamic configurations (delta wings, variable geometry, tailless).\u003cbr\u003ePropulsion (jet engines, ramjets, rockets, nuclear propulsion for the X-6).\u003cbr\u003eStability and control (e.g. study of inertial coupling following the X-2 accident).\u003cbr\u003eThe X-vehicles explored:\u003cbr\u003eHistorical context: \u003cbr\u003eCombat aircraft (F-15, F-16, SR-71).\u003cbr\u003eSpace shuttles (e.g. the wing design of the X-24B).\u003cbr\u003eModern drones (X-37, X-47).\u003cbr\u003eCold War: Many projects (e.g. X-15, X-20 Dyna-Soar) were linked to the space race or missiles.\u003cbr\u003eInstitutional collaboration: Central role played by the NACA (which became NASA in 1958), the USAF, and the US Navy.\u003cbr\u003eLegacy: Data from the X-vehicles directly influenced:\u003cbr\u003eChallenges and failures:\u003cbr\u003eTechnical problems: E.g. the X-3 Stiletto (speed limited by its engines), the X-6 (cancelled for nuclear safety reasons).\u003cbr\u003eFatal accidents: E.g.: X-2 (1956, Milburn Apt killed after setting a speed record), X-15 (1 accident in 1962).\u003cbr\u003eCancellations: Projects such as the X-20 Dyna-Soar (manned spaceplane) or the X-30 NASP (hypersonic shuttle) were not completed.\u003cbr\u003eEvolution of the “X” designation:\u003cbr\u003eOriginally reserved for fundamental research, the designation has sometimes been used for operational prototypes (e.g. X-32\/X-35 for the Joint Strike Fighter programme).\u003cbr\u003eThe authors point out that this practice, although criticised, has historical precedents (e.g. X-11\/X-12 for the Atlas missile).\u003cbr\u003eField Key advances Iconic aircraft \u003cbr\u003eSupersonic Breaking the sound barrier, transonic aerodynamics. X-1, X-1E, X-2 \u003cbr\u003eHypersonic Flight at Mach 6+, heat-resistant materials. X-15, X-43\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eControl and stability Study of inertial coupling phenomena, fly-by-wire controls. X-2, X-15 \u003cbr\u003ePropulsion Ramjets, liquid-propellant rockets, nuclear propulsion (X-6). X-7, X-8, X-15\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003eConfigurations Variable-geometry wings, flying wings, unmanned aerial vehicles. X-5, X-24B, X-37 \u003cbr\u003eSpace technologies Atmospheric re-entry, thermal protection. X-15, X-24B, X-38\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"line-height: normal;\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"line-height: normal;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ligatures: none; mso-fareast-language: FR;\"\u003e\u003ciframe width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/HxWcMF0ltCQ?si=NGM1Iet5SxZ5rObp\" title=\"YouTube video player\"\u003e\u003c\/iframe\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"line-height: normal;\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"line-height: normal;\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"US Government","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":56986427490630,"sku":"873DG203EN","price":0.0,"currency_code":"PLN","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0620\/6901\/4698\/files\/American_X-Vehicles_An_Inventory-X-1_to_X-50_Dennis_R._Jenkins_Tony_Landis_Jay_Miller_z-library.sk_1lib.sk_z-lib.sk__01.jpg?v=1784562063","url":"https:\/\/www.skyshelf.eu\/en-pl\/products\/jenkins-dennis-r-american-x-vehicles-an-inventory-x-1-to-x-50-digital-edition","provider":"www.skyshelf.eu","version":"1.0","type":"link"}